12,376 research outputs found
Hawking Radiation as Tunneling
We present a short and direct derivation of Hawking radiation as a tunneling
process, based on particles in a dynamical geometry. The imaginary part of the
action for the classically forbidden process is related to the Boltzmann factor
for emission at the Hawking temperature. Because the derivation respects
conservation laws, the exact spectrum is not precisely thermal. We compare and
contrast the problem of spontaneous emission of charged particles from a
charged conductor.Comment: LaTeX, 10 pages; v2. journal version, added section on relation of
black hole radiation to electric charge emission from a charged conducting
sphere; v3. restored cut referenc
Chiral black hole in three-dimensional gravitational Chern-Simons
A chiral black hole can be defined from the three-dimensional pure
gravitational Chern-Simons action as an independent gravitational theory. The
third order derivative of the Cotton tensor gives a dimensional constant which
plays a role of the cosmological constant. The handedness of angular momentum
depends on the signature of the Chern-Simons coefficient. Even in the massless
black hole which corresponds to the static black hole, it has a nonvanishing
angular momentum. We also study statistical entropy and thermodynamic
stability.Comment: 6 pages, a reference added, minor changes to introductio
FLRW Universes from "Wave-Like" Cosmologies in 5D
We consider the evolution of a 4D-universe embedded in a five-dimensional
(bulk) world with a large extra dimension and a cosmological constant. The
cosmology in 5D possesses "wave-like" character in the sense that the metric
coefficients in the bulk are functions of the extra coordinate and time in a
way similar to a pulse or traveling wave propagating along the fifth dimension.
This assumption is motivated by some recent work presenting the big-bang as a
higher dimensional shock wave. We show that this assumption, together with an
equation of state for the effective matter quantities in 4D, allows Einstein's
equations to be fully integrated. We then recover the familiar FLRW universes,
on the four-dimensional hypersurfaces orthogonal to the extra dimension.
Regarding the extra dimension we find that it is {\em growing} in size if the
universe is speeding up its expansion. We also get an estimate for the relative
change of the extra dimension over time. This estimate could have important
observational implications, notably for the time variation of rest mass,
electric charge and the gravitational "constant". Our results extend previous
ones in the literature.Comment: Few comments added, references updated. To appear in Int. J. of Mod.
Phys.
Black Hole Entropy in the presence of Chern-Simons Terms
We derive a formula for the black hole entropy in theories with gravitational
Chern-Simons terms, by generalizing Wald's argument which uses the Noether
charge. It correctly reproduces the entropy of three-dimensional black holes in
the presence of Chern-Simons term, which was previously obtained via indirect
methods.Comment: v2: 12 pages, added reference
Statistical Model Predictions for Particle Ratios at sqrt(s_NN) = 5.5 TeV
Particle production in central Pb-Pb collisions at LHC is discussed in the
context of the Statistical Model. Predictions of various particle ratios are
presented with the corresponding choice of model parameters made according to
the systematics extracted from heavy-ion collisions at lower energies. The
sensitivity of several ratios on the temperature and the baryon chemical
potential is studied in detail, and some of them, which are particularly
appropriate to determine the chemical freeze-out point experimentally, are
indicated. We show that the anti-p / p ratio is most suitable to determine the
baryon chemical potential while the Omega / K and Omega / pi ratios are best to
determine the temperature at chemical freeze-out.Comment: Submitted to Phys. Rev. C, 7 pages, 4 figure
Limits on the integration constant of the dark radiation term in Brane Cosmology
We consider the constraints from primordial Helium abundances on the constant
of integration of the dark radiation term of the brane-world generalized
Friedmann equation derived from the Randall-Sundrum Single brane model. We
found that -- using simple, approximate and semianalytical Method -- that the
constant of integration is limited to be between -8.9 and 2.2 which limits the
possible contribution from dark radiation term to be approximately between -27%
to 7% of the background photon energy density.Comment: 8 page
Evaluation of Ocean Color Scanner (OCS) photographic and digital data: Santa Barbara Channel test site, 29 October 1975 overflight
A summary of Ocean Color Scanner data was examined to evaluate detection and discrimination capabilities of the system for marine resources, oil pollution and man-made sea surface targets of opportunity in the Santa Barbara Channel. Assessment of the utility of OCS for the determination of sediment transport patterns along the coastal zone was a secondary goal. Data products provided 1975 overflight were in digital and analog formats. In evaluating the OCS data, automated and manual procedures were employed. A total of four channels of data in digital format were analyzed, as well as three channels of color combined imagery, and four channels of black and white imagery. In addition, 1:120,000 scale color infrared imagery acquired simultaneously with the OCS data were provided for comparative analysis purposes
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